Debian Standard Packages to install afterwards: Difference between revisions

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New page: <pre> apt-get install vim apt-get install mc apt-get install iproute apt-get install hal apt-get install atsar apt-get install sysstat apt-get install systune apt-get install snmpd apt-get...
 
 
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=standard extra packages=
After a standard install of debian, these packages still need installing.
<pre>
apt-get install vim mc iproute2 sysstat systune snmpd ncftp fail2ban nscd needrestart ntpdate ntp plocate mutt postfix
</pre>
maybe need installing
=often a good idea to install=
<pre>
postfix openssh-server zip unzip bzip2 arj ncftp rsync sshfs
</pre>
=getting email working=
possible to need to do
<pre>
<pre>
apt-get install vim
dpkg-reconfigure postfix
apt-get install mc
</pre>
apt-get install iproute
 
apt-get install hal
Make sure it is set as a satellite host (because ziggo blocks port 25, but allows port 587 traffic) for mail.edgarbv.com.
apt-get install atsar
apt-get install sysstat
apt-get install systune
apt-get install snmpd
apt-get install resolvconf
apt-get install ncftp


apt-get install nscd
Then on the '''mail.edgarbv.com server''' add the domain name to
  /etc/postfix/sender_whitelist
and
  postmap sender_whitelist
  postfix reload
 
/etc/postfix/main.cf on the '''satellite server''' should have the following line in it
<pre>
<pre>
relayhost = mail.edgarbv.com:587
inet_protocols = ipv4
</pre>


=DNS=
Notes:
Notes:
Choose between nscd or pdnsd for DNS caching. nscd can be buggy, pdnsd needs resolvconf


Debian installs vim-tiny by default. This is horrible, and which is why we install vim first!
vim-tiny is installed by debian by default. This is horrible, and which is why we install vim first!


/etc/default/sysstat: turn ENABLED="true"
/etc/default/sysstat: turn ENABLED="true"
Line 25: Line 47:


nscd is only usefull for servers not running bind themselves
nscd is only usefull for servers not running bind themselves
= fail2ban =
vi /etc/fail2ban/jail.d/defaults-debian.conf
[sshd]
enabled = true
vi /etc/fail2ban/jail.local (this is where user edits go)
<pre>
[DEFAULT]
ignoreip = 127.0.0.1/8 91.154.222.134 37.252.124.72/24
bantime  = 3d
bantime.increment = true
bantime.multipliers = 1 2 4 8 16 32 64
# Jail for more extended banning of persistent abusers
# !!! WARNINGS !!!
# 1. Make sure that your loglevel specified in fail2ban.conf/.local
#    is not at DEBUG level -- which might then cause fail2ban to fall into
#    an infinite loop constantly feeding itself with non-informative lines
# 2. Increase dbpurgeage defined in fail2ban.conf to e.g. 648000 (7.5 days)
#    to maintain entries for failed logins for sufficient amount of time
[recidive]
enabled = true
[proftpd]
enabled  = true
</pre>
'''NB don't edit jail.conf - this contains the default definitions for the services which you can override in jail.d/jail.local'''
you can find options in
  man jail.conf
The following commands will show you the current running status
  fail2ban-client restart
  fail2ban-client status
  fail2ban-client status postfix-sasl
The following will tell you what the variables are for a specific jail
  fail2ban-client get postfix-sasl bantime
  fail2ban-client get postfix-sasl findtime
  fail2ban-client get postfix-sasl maxretry
The following will show you how the detection is going for a specific jail
fail2ban-regex /var/log/mail/mail.log postfix-sasl
maybe destemail too
'''NB don't edit jail.conf'''
logging in /var/log/fail2ban.log
Manually banning a range
  fail2ban-client set postfix-sasl banip 81.30.107.0/24
https://www.howtoforge.com/using-fail2ban-on-debian-12/
= monitoring swapfile =
crontab entry
  5 * * * *      /home/adm_usr/swapfileuse.sh
/home/adm_usr/swapfileuse.sh
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#Script to find out what was using swap at what time
LOGFILE=/var/log/swapuse.log
echo "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------" >> $LOGFILE
echo `date` >> $LOGFILE
echo "Total swapfile use (mB)" >> $LOGFILE
free -m | grep Swap | awk '{ print $3 }' >> $LOGFILE
echo " " >> $LOGFILE
for file in /proc/*/status ; do awk '/VmSwap|Name/{printf $2 " " $3}END{ print ""}' $file; done | grep -v "0 kB" | grep kB >> $LOGFILE
</pre>
might need apt-get install resolvconf but I don't like it much
== obsolete ==
vi /etc/denyhosts.com
set PURGE_DENY = 1w and ADMIN_EMAIL = red@email.com and SMTP_FROM = Denyhosts $machinename <nobody@localhost>
Also, if a host keeps getting denied, you can stop it from going in the /etc/hosts.deny file by putting the IP address into a line in /var/lib/denyhosts/allowed-hosts
packages: hal atsar iproute

Latest revision as of 07:22, 30 March 2025

standard extra packages

After a standard install of debian, these packages still need installing. 

apt-get install vim mc iproute2 sysstat systune snmpd ncftp fail2ban nscd needrestart ntpdate ntp plocate mutt postfix

maybe need installing

often a good idea to install

postfix openssh-server zip unzip bzip2 arj ncftp rsync sshfs

getting email working

possible to need to do 

dpkg-reconfigure postfix

Make sure it is set as a satellite host (because ziggo blocks port 25, but allows port 587 traffic) for mail.edgarbv.com.

Then on the mail.edgarbv.com server add the domain name to 

  /etc/postfix/sender_whitelist

and 

  postmap sender_whitelist
  postfix reload

/etc/postfix/main.cf on the satellite server should have the following line in it 

relayhost = mail.edgarbv.com:587

inet_protocols = ipv4

DNS

Notes: Choose between nscd or pdnsd for DNS caching. nscd can be buggy, pdnsd needs resolvconf

vim-tiny is installed by debian by default. This is horrible, and which is why we install vim first!

/etc/default/sysstat: turn ENABLED="true"

/etc/default/snmpd: get rid of 127.0.0.1 from SNMPDOPTS

vi /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf: change the community names

nscd is only usefull for servers not running bind themselves

fail2ban

vi /etc/fail2ban/jail.d/defaults-debian.conf 

[sshd]
enabled = true

vi /etc/fail2ban/jail.local (this is where user edits go) 

[DEFAULT]

ignoreip = 127.0.0.1/8 91.154.222.134 37.252.124.72/24
bantime  = 3d
bantime.increment = true
bantime.multipliers = 1 2 4 8 16 32 64

# Jail for more extended banning of persistent abusers
# !!! WARNINGS !!!
# 1. Make sure that your loglevel specified in fail2ban.conf/.local
#    is not at DEBUG level -- which might then cause fail2ban to fall into
#    an infinite loop constantly feeding itself with non-informative lines
# 2. Increase dbpurgeage defined in fail2ban.conf to e.g. 648000 (7.5 days)
#    to maintain entries for failed logins for sufficient amount of time
[recidive]
enabled = true

[proftpd]
enabled  = true

NB don't edit jail.conf - this contains the default definitions for the services which you can override in jail.d/jail.local

you can find options in 

  man jail.conf


The following commands will show you the current running status 

  fail2ban-client restart

  fail2ban-client status

  fail2ban-client status postfix-sasl


The following will tell you what the variables are for a specific jail 

  fail2ban-client get postfix-sasl bantime

  fail2ban-client get postfix-sasl findtime

  fail2ban-client get postfix-sasl maxretry


The following will show you how the detection is going for a specific jail

fail2ban-regex /var/log/mail/mail.log postfix-sasl

maybe destemail too NB don't edit jail.conf

logging in /var/log/fail2ban.log

Manually banning a range 

  fail2ban-client set postfix-sasl banip 81.30.107.0/24

https://www.howtoforge.com/using-fail2ban-on-debian-12/

monitoring swapfile

crontab entry 

  5 * * * *       /home/adm_usr/swapfileuse.sh

/home/adm_usr/swapfileuse.sh 

#!/bin/sh
#Script to find out what was using swap at what time

LOGFILE=/var/log/swapuse.log
echo "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------" >> $LOGFILE
echo `date` >> $LOGFILE
echo "Total swapfile use (mB)" >> $LOGFILE
free -m | grep Swap | awk '{ print $3 }' >> $LOGFILE
echo " " >> $LOGFILE

for file in /proc/*/status ; do awk '/VmSwap|Name/{printf $2 " " $3}END{ print ""}' $file; done | grep -v "0 kB" | grep kB >> $LOGFILE


might need apt-get install resolvconf but I don't like it much

obsolete

vi /etc/denyhosts.com

set PURGE_DENY = 1w and ADMIN_EMAIL = red@email.com and SMTP_FROM = Denyhosts $machinename <nobody@localhost>

Also, if a host keeps getting denied, you can stop it from going in the /etc/hosts.deny file by putting the IP address into a line in /var/lib/denyhosts/allowed-hosts

packages: hal atsar iproute

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