Installing a new mailserver: Difference between revisions

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apt-get install openssh-server proftpd snmpd iotop iptstate atsar postfix shorewall vim awstats bmon nscd sshfs mc zip unzip bzip2 arj spamassassin pyzor razor ncftp rsync quota ntpdate ntp vacation pdnsd dovecot-common dovecot-imapd dovecot-pop3d
You will need these for the mail server
 
apt-get install openssh-server proftpd snmpd iotop iptstate atsar postfix shorewall vim awstats bmon nscd sshfs mc zip unzip bzip2 arj spamassassin pyzor razor ncftp rsync quota ntpdate ntp vacation pdnsd dovecot-common dovecot-imapd dovecot-pop3d automx


pdnsd - use resolvconf configuration
pdnsd - use resolvconf configuration


= Network =
= Network =
Set up networking in /etc/network/interfaces
[[Debian Network Setup]]
 
Ensure your PTR records are set in DNS
<pre>
<pre>
# The loopback network interface
TXT edgarbv.com v=spf1 mx-all
auto lo
AAAA edgarbv.com IPv6address
iface lo inet loopback
MX 10 mail.edgarbv.com edgarbv.com
A edgarbv.com IPv4address
</pre>


# The primary network interface
Certificates for mail.edgarbv.com - see postfix and dovecot
allow-hotplug eth0
#auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
        address 192.168.0.112
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        network 192.168.0.0
        broadcast 192.168.0.255
#      gateway 192.168.0.1
        dns-nameservers 213.75.63.36 213.75.63.70 192.168.0.1
#      dns-nameservers 192.168.0.1 192.168.0.2
#      dns-search tripnet.int internal.tripnet.int ops.tripnet.int


auto eth1
= Postfix and Procmail =
iface eth1 inet static
First install [[Postfix]] as the mail transport agent
        address 188.204.140.195
        netmask 255.255.255.224
        network 188.204.140.192
        broadcast 188.204.140.223
        gateway 188.204.140.193
        dns-nameservers 213.75.63.36 213.75.63.70 192.168.0.1
</pre>


= Postfix and Procmail =
= Amavis-new + ClamAV =
First install [[Postfix]]
Amavis functions as a postfix addon that filters mail through ClamAV and Spamassassin. [[Amavis-new and ClamAV]]


= Spamassassin =
= Spamassassin =
Then install [[Spamassassin]]
Then configure [[Spamassassin]]


= Dovecot =
= Dovecot =
Check the following is set, or dovecot won't let people POP / IMAP in
Now install [[ Dovecot ]] as an IMAP / POP3 server
 
= Automx =
[[ automx ]] sets up a webservice that tells Outlook, Thunderbird and mobile clients how to autodetect the right mailserver settings
 
= Roundcube webmail =
And install [[ Roundcube ]] for webmail
 
= Converting from mbox to maildir =
Because we want the system to support IMAP functionality fully, there are some changes to to be made which will be documented further. For now, look at [[Converting from mbox to maildir]]
 
= Webmail performance =
package imapproxy implements UP-IMapProxy
 
= Iphone Push =
package imaprowl implements push for Iphone and Gmail
 
= Mobile settings =
Incoming:
<pre>
<pre>
protocols = imap imaps pop3 pop3s
Security type: TLS (Accept all certificates)
Port: 143
</pre>
</pre>


We need to set it to listen on all interfaces, so uncomment
Outgoing:
<pre>
<pre>
listen = *
Hostname: mail.edgarbv.com
Security Type: TLS (Accept all certificates)
Port: 587
Require sign in: on
</pre>
</pre>


To set Dovecot to save files in Maildir format and then also use directories to store folders (instead of foldername.mail in one big folder), set
Note, TLS will only work for 1 IP adres per hostname. It only gets 1 certificate per IP adres.
 
= Spam protection =
== SPF ==
This implements Sender Policy Framework, a method to check if an email's From comes from an authorised server
http://www.openspf.org/Introduction
 
[[Sender Policy Framework / SPF]]
 
== DKIM ==
Another trust mechanism http://www.dkim.org/
 
[https://www.linode.com/docs/email/postfix/configure-spf-and-dkim-in-postfix-on-debian-8/ Configure SPF and DKIM With Postfix on Debian 8]
 
[https://wiki.debian.org/opendkim Debian wiki opendkim]
 
Permissions for keyfiles: 640
 
if you want multiple subdomains you need to create the keyfiles multiple times
<pre>
<pre>
mail_location = maildir:~/Maildir:LAYOUT=fs
opendkim-genkey -D /etc/postfix/dkim/keys/ -d example.com -s mail
</pre>
opendkim-genkey -D /etc/postfix/dkim/keys/ -d example.com -s smtp
</pre>https://dmarcguide.globalcyberalliance.org/dkim
 
== DMARC ==
A system to tell you what to do with reply messages http://www.dmarc.org/overview.html https://www.sonicwall.com/support/knowledge-base/what-is-a-dmarc-record-and-how-do-i-create-it-on-dns-server/170504796167071/  https://dmarcguide.globalcyberalliance.org/#/dmarc/
 
_dmarc.edgarbv.com. IN TXT "v=DMARC1; p=none; rua=<nowiki>mailto:dmarc@edgarbv.com</nowiki>; ruf=<nowiki>mailto:dmarc@edgarbv.com</nowiki>; sp=none; ri=86400"
 
== Microsoft JMRP and SNDS ==
JMRP (Junk Mail Reporting Partner Program) and SNDS (Smart Network Data Services),
 
Enrol here:


Ensure the following is set for performance
https://postmaster.live.com/snds/JMRP.aspx?wa=wsignin1.0
<pre>
maildir_copy_with_hardlinks = yes
</pre>


Because we're using NFS for mail storage we need to check:
[https://kb.iweb.com/hc/en-us/articles/230267648-Subscribing-to-Microsoft-JMRP-and-SNDS More information about enrolling]
<pre>
mmap_disable = yes
dotlock_use_excl = yes # MUST CHECK THIS ONE
mail_nfs_storage = yes
mail_nfs_index = yes
</pre>


Logging:
= fail2ban =
<pre>
in /etc/fail2ban/jail.d/jail.local
log_path = /var/log/mail/dovecot.err
info_log_path = /var/log/mail/dovecot.info
</pre>
<pre>
touch /var/log/mail/dovecot.err
touch /var/log/mail/dovecot.info
</pre>
in /etc/logrotate.d/rsyslog add
<pre>
<pre>
/var/log/mail/dovecot.err
[DEFAULT]
/var/log/mail/dovecot.info
</pre>
to the rest of the mail lines


Create a maildir for www-data manually (dovecot has no permissions to create in /var/www)
ignoreip = 127.0.0.1/8 91.154.222.134 37.252.124.72/24
<pre>
bantime  = 6000
mkdir /var/www/Maildir
chown www-data /var/www/Maildir
</pre>


To test:
[proftpd]
<pre>
enabled  = true
mutt -f imap://username@localhost
mutt -f pop://username@localhost


or to open a user's maildir:
[dovecot]
mutt -m maildir -f ~user/Maildir
enabled = true
</pre>
logpath = /var/log/mail/dovecot.info


= Roundcube webmail =
[postfix]
First install roundcube and roundcube-mysql. You will need mysql-server, apache2 and php5 as well.
enabled  = true
# To use another modes set filter parameter "mode" in jail.local:
mode    = more
port    = smtp,465,submission
logpath = /var/log/mail/mail.log
maxretry = 5
#backend = %(postfix_backend)s


then in /etc/roundcube/apache.conf
[postfix-rbl]
<pre>
enabled  = true
uncomment:
filter  = postfix[mode=rbl]
     Alias /roundcube/program/js/tiny_mce/ /usr/share/tinymce/www/
port     = smtp,465,submission
    Alias /roundcube /var/lib/roundcube
logpath  = /var/log/mail/mail.log
</pre>
#backend  = %(postfix_backend)s
maxretry = 1


in /etc/roundcube/main.inc.php change
[postfix-sasl]
<pre>
enabled = true
$rcmail_config['htmleditor'] = FALSE; to TRUE
port    = smtp
$rcmail_config['default_host'] = '127.0.0.1';
filter  = postfix-sasl
$rcmail_config['virtuser_file'] = '/etc/postfix/virtual';
logpath = /var/log/mail/mail.log
$rcmail_config['smtp_server'] = 'localhost';
maxretry = 5
$rcmail_config['smtp_user'] = '%u';
$rcmail_config['smtp_pass'] = '%p';
</pre>
</pre>
= Converting from mbox to maildir =
Because we want the system to support IMAP functionality fully, there are some changes to to be made which will be documented further. For now, look at [[Converting from mbox to maildir]]

Latest revision as of 13:51, 20 March 2024

You will need these for the mail server

apt-get install openssh-server proftpd snmpd iotop iptstate atsar postfix shorewall vim awstats bmon nscd sshfs mc zip unzip bzip2 arj spamassassin pyzor razor ncftp rsync quota ntpdate ntp vacation pdnsd dovecot-common dovecot-imapd dovecot-pop3d automx

pdnsd - use resolvconf configuration

Network

Debian Network Setup

Ensure your PTR records are set in DNS 

TXT edgarbv.com v=spf1 mx-all
AAAA edgarbv.com IPv6address
MX 10 mail.edgarbv.com edgarbv.com
A edgarbv.com IPv4address

Certificates for mail.edgarbv.com - see postfix and dovecot

Postfix and Procmail

First install Postfix as the mail transport agent

Amavis-new + ClamAV

Amavis functions as a postfix addon that filters mail through ClamAV and Spamassassin. Amavis-new and ClamAV

Spamassassin

Then configure Spamassassin

Dovecot

Now install Dovecot as an IMAP / POP3 server

Automx

automx sets up a webservice that tells Outlook, Thunderbird and mobile clients how to autodetect the right mailserver settings

Roundcube webmail

And install Roundcube for webmail

Converting from mbox to maildir

Because we want the system to support IMAP functionality fully, there are some changes to to be made which will be documented further. For now, look at Converting from mbox to maildir

Webmail performance

package imapproxy implements UP-IMapProxy

Iphone Push

package imaprowl implements push for Iphone and Gmail

Mobile settings

Incoming: 

Security type: TLS (Accept all certificates)
Port: 143

Outgoing: 

Hostname: mail.edgarbv.com
Security Type: TLS (Accept all certificates)
Port: 587
Require sign in: on

Note, TLS will only work for 1 IP adres per hostname. It only gets 1 certificate per IP adres.

Spam protection

SPF

This implements Sender Policy Framework, a method to check if an email's From comes from an authorised server http://www.openspf.org/Introduction

Sender Policy Framework / SPF

DKIM

Another trust mechanism http://www.dkim.org/

Configure SPF and DKIM With Postfix on Debian 8

Debian wiki opendkim

Permissions for keyfiles: 640

if you want multiple subdomains you need to create the keyfiles multiple times 

opendkim-genkey -D /etc/postfix/dkim/keys/ -d example.com -s mail 
opendkim-genkey -D /etc/postfix/dkim/keys/ -d example.com -s smtp

https://dmarcguide.globalcyberalliance.org/dkim

DMARC

A system to tell you what to do with reply messages http://www.dmarc.org/overview.html https://www.sonicwall.com/support/knowledge-base/what-is-a-dmarc-record-and-how-do-i-create-it-on-dns-server/170504796167071/ https://dmarcguide.globalcyberalliance.org/#/dmarc/

_dmarc.edgarbv.com. IN TXT "v=DMARC1; p=none; rua=mailto:dmarc@edgarbv.com; ruf=mailto:dmarc@edgarbv.com; sp=none; ri=86400"

Microsoft JMRP and SNDS

JMRP (Junk Mail Reporting Partner Program) and SNDS (Smart Network Data Services),

Enrol here:

https://postmaster.live.com/snds/JMRP.aspx?wa=wsignin1.0

More information about enrolling

fail2ban

in /etc/fail2ban/jail.d/jail.local 

[DEFAULT]

ignoreip = 127.0.0.1/8 91.154.222.134 37.252.124.72/24
bantime  = 6000

[proftpd]
enabled  = true

[dovecot]
enabled = true
logpath = /var/log/mail/dovecot.info

[postfix]
enabled  = true
# To use another modes set filter parameter "mode" in jail.local:
mode    = more
port    = smtp,465,submission
logpath = /var/log/mail/mail.log
maxretry = 5
#backend = %(postfix_backend)s

[postfix-rbl]
enabled  = true
filter   = postfix[mode=rbl]
port     = smtp,465,submission
logpath  = /var/log/mail/mail.log
#backend  = %(postfix_backend)s
maxretry = 1

[postfix-sasl]
enabled = true
port    = smtp
filter  = postfix-sasl
logpath = /var/log/mail/mail.log
maxretry = 5
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